Exodus 11:10

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And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and Jehovah hardened Pharaoh`s heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go out of his land. (ASV)

Pro

God "hardens Pharaoh's heart", to prevent him from simply letting the Hebrews go. See the Exodus 7:13 page for a detailed summary of the verses relating to this issue. --Robert Stevens 12:14, 17 Aug 2006 (CDT)

Con

As can be seen from Exodus 9:33-34, which is an explanation of Exodus 10:1, Pharaoh did harden his own heart. Paul wasn't talking about God making Pharaoh harden his heart in Romans 9, just because God is God and can do as He pleases, but he is talking about the people God chose to make kings and slaves. This is evidenced by Romans 9:17, in the middle of the whole argument of Romans 9, when quoting Exodus 9:16 only makes sense as raising Pharaoh up to be a Pharaoh, and not a disbeliever (especially Exodus 9:15). Also Romans 9:22 does not make sense for God to bear with patience if He caused the unrepentance.

Neutral

Argument moved from "Con" to "Neutral":

Paul's response to this from Romans 9:

17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I may show My power in you, and that My name may be declared in all the earth.”

18 Therefore He has mercy on whom He wills, and whom He wills He hardens.

19 You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For who has resisted His will?”

20 But indeed, O man, who are you to reply against God? Will the thing formed say to him who formed it, “Why have you made me like this?”

21 Does not the potter have power over the clay, from the same lump to make one vessel for honor and another for dishonor?

22 What if God, wanting to show His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath prepared for destruction,

23 and that He might make known the riches of His glory on the vessels of mercy, which He had prepared beforehand for glory,

24 even us whom He called, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles?

Reason for move: This does not appear to be a "Con" argument at all. Contrary to the claims of some modern apologists (who prefer to believe that Pharaoh hardened his own heart), God was indeed responsible, and Paul is confirming this. "Paul thinks that's OK" is not a refutation. --Robert Stevens 03:55, 23 Jan 2008 (CST)

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